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(No Model.) 4 Sheets-Sheet 1. I. KITSEE.

TELEPHONE SYSTEM.

vPatented June 24 (No Model.) 4 Sheets-Sheet 2.

I. KTSH TELEPHONE SYSTEM.

No. 430,960. PatentedJune 24, 1890.

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(No Model.) 4sneet-s-sheefl 8.1 I. KITSEE. TBLBPHONE SYSTEM.

Patented June 24, 1890.

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TRANS/"I T727? (No Model;) 4 Sheets-Sheet 4. I. KITSEE. TELEPHONE SYSTEM.

Patented June 24,41890.

.i UNITD- STAT-Es PATNT OFFICE;

AIsIDoia KITSEE, i oF CINCINNTI, oHIo, AssIGNoR, BYiDIREo'r AND MijsNE AssIGNMENTs, oEoNE-HALF To -JEROME oAR'rY AND JOHN A. -WIEDER- sH1:IM,-oF PHILADELPIIIA. PENNSYLVANI'A, ANI) 'CHARLES J; KINTNER,

oF NEW'YORILN. 'Y.

srncmmncrron fomnig part ef Letters Patent No. 430,980, med June 24, 1890. v Application filed October 26, 1887. `3eria1Na 253,299. (llo model.)

' .To aZ wwm it wto/,y concern i Be' it known that I,IsIDoR KiTsEE, a citizen of the United States, residing at Cincinnat-i, inzthe county of Hamilton, State of Ohio,l

have invented anew and useful Improvement in Telephone Systems, which improvement is I fully set forth*` in the following specification and accompanying drawings. My' ini'ention relates 'to im'provements in o'telephone systems; and its objects' are, first,

to provide a system of telephonic lines with t a generator ofv` electricity located. at the'cen-` tral station which shall furnish all the eleci tricity required for all ontlying stations,thus" 5 centralizing the Vbattery and at the same time place 'it where it will be under the absolute control of a person'located atthe'central offifce; second, to provide means for producing lelectricity for operating all the call-bells in o both the outlying stations and the central office, which means shall. be located wholly withinthe central oiiice and under the control of operators there, and, third, to provide4 means for connecting 'up the circuits between 5' 4the several subscribers adapted for use with my improve'd system.

i To these' ends 'it consists in the specialfeatures `h'ereinafter described, and vparticnlarly pointed outin the claims which follow this o specification, V i

. It is one of the especial features of` my i'n-` vention' that no interruption occurs to talking-lines while others are being cutliin and' `-out at the central station, and thus by reason gioflthe fact that each subscriber works with an independent current of electricity, which.

A'can iu;` noway'affec't any other subscriberls instrument than theone to' whom he desire's to talk. i' a f 'A fullnderstanding of my inventioni can best belhadufrom the followinga'-descript-ion, taken in connection with the accompanying 'drawing in \vhich.-`-

Figure 1 rcpresents adiagram matie view of oiee. 4Fig. 2 is a similar view of the-'call ap- `paratus with the electrical generator'for'all the call system and its operation.

itfely, at E' E2 E3 E4, and connected by linem'y'improved system with thetalking-battcryof all ,the subseribers' located 'at the central form of circuit-connections, such that the talking-batteryis connected` in the direct circnit between the two lines iu use, and not-in .a multiple-arcearthed circuit, asshown in fFig; 3, where'there are three earth-connec- .i

tions. Fi'g. 5 represents ahorizontal seetional `view ofl my novel formv of battery for central' ofiice use. Fig. (l` represents a detail view 'showing one of the zi'ncs and `itshanger.``

Figs. 7 and 8 represent, respectively, sectional and plan views of a rubber cap for cotering the carbons and sust-ainin, r` the ziiics. Fig.4

9 represents a diagrammatic view of my improvedsyst-em as used with induction-coils located. with thebattery at the central s'tation. Fig. 10represents asimilar view showing the batteryv connected directly between outlying lines supplied with induction-coils l 'hand bearing the same 'relation to Fig. 9 that 1 Fig. 4=.does to Fig. 1.

Similar letters of reference indicate corre- 7 5` sponding parts in the several i'igures'.4

I will now descrihe the talking syslein and battery connected therewith, as 'well .as its mode of operation, after which l will describe I.

. I will remark at the outset thatthetalking land'callsystenis are designed to be used together, and are only shown separatelyin Figs.

l 'and 2`to' avoid confusion of parts.

Fig; 1 'illustiates the talking system, in 'l v which i, 2, 3., and 4 indicate four independent outlying stations having contact telephonetransmitters with ordinary JBell receivers,located directly in each eircuit earthed, respecto wires' w 102 ws. 104, through the annunciator and hell, to the central station and the switchboard, as shown; 7

The arrangeincnt as desci'wed so far is not essen-tially difierent from existing systems of telep'hones, in which the talking is done by direct battery-currents without the intervention of induction-coils. T being the transmitter, lit the hand-telephonc, and b'w the telephone switch-level' for changing the circuit atthe points C and C' from the call-circuit to the talking-circuit. v

Each line has at the central station an; adv i ustable-rheostat R', R2, R, or R4, adapted'to make the eutlying lines of equal resistance, so as to cause the telephone-transinitter to work with eqnal effect under all conditions.

The switch-board has the nsual cross-bars '1y 1 2 2, tvc., to which .are connected, as shown, the outlying lines.

To 'the lower ends of the Vertical bars 1' 2' 3' Al' is aiixed an'insulating-board l), having metal bearings K' K218i K4, which are in electrical contact, respect-i vel y, with said bars, or may bo 'lntegral i'herewith. r[hey are curvilinear in shape, and adapted to form bearings for the switch-plngs 1 2 3 4** when in position in 'ten plug-holes passing through the b card D.

' L2 L3 if and M' M2 M3 Mi are similar f cnrvjilinear strips disposod as shown, so as .to

have .metallic contact with 'the plugs 1? 2 3? 41, respeetively. The strips. L' L2 L3 L4 are connected by wires to a metal bar N, which in turn ,is connected to earth at E5 by a wire w and carbon C of the battery B. vThe strips ll/ii'fll'i hi hi* are connected by wires e.' g e3 o* to switch-plugs 1** 2 3" 4, respectively. g

Sp' to Spt are metal Springs having contaots atthcir upper ends for contacting`elcctrically with the strips M' M2 M3 M4. They are connected at their fixed ends to wires t' ti* ts tt, which in turn are connected each to its own zinc z' z? zi z'i of the battcr B.

On the Springs Sp' to SP4 are 'insulatingblocks o' to 04, which contact with plugs 1n to ea and electrieally disconnect' the zincsfrom the circnit, so as to leave the' better on open eircuit at all points when all of the switchplugs are in place, as shownat 1'* i".

The operation of the talking system is as follows: In Fig. 1 I have shown stations numbers 1' and al as not in use, while stations 2 and.3 are conversin'g. 'When the lines are'l not in use, all of the plugs 1' 2 3"* 4? are in place on the board D, and all of v the Springs SP4, inclusive., are held away from the contact-Steps on Springs M' to M4, and .there is no battery 'in circuit on any of thelines.

-I' have not shown any telephone at the centem.

tral station, lnor the oustomary switch-strips for sneh telcphone; but it will -be understood that snch feature is well known, and any desired connection may be made with my syslSnpposing station 2 to have called central station by the apparatuswhich- I will disclose later on, and to have aunounced that vhe desires to talk to station No. 3, ,the central-station operator first calls station No. 3, and then withdraws plug 3a from the plughole in board D and inscrts it in the holes of i cm ss-bar 2" and 3'. This connects 'lines w2 3', WI'O wi, annnnciator,

and w in multiple arc with the zinc'zfoarbon (J, -and wire w to earth- E5, the other earth-connections being at the local stations at E2 E. The cironit is as follows: Afrom earth E5 by Wire .w5 to carbonv C, thence to' zinc z, wi're i, spring Spa, strip M3, Wire ea, plug 3", where'it divides, one part going by lorizontal strip 2"- o wire 102, throu/ghannnnciator and line "to station 2 and earth E2, while the other half akes the Vertical strip land line 15"' to station 3, and earth at E. I have shown in '3 a diagrannnatic view of the relation of' the 'battory to the two lines in connection with the transmitters and receivers at stations 2 and 3. It will bo scen that any variation ofthe' line-currentat either of the transmitte-rs will chan gc the potential of the cil'cnits, and hence actuate the 'receiver at the other stations.

.Shonld 1 and 4 desire to talk, it would only be necessary to insert the plug 1 at the plu'g'- holc at the junction of Vertical bar 4' tor plug 1 at the plug-hole of Vertical bar 4', and horizontal bar 1' or, if desired, both plngs may' be inserted, when the two zincs z' and 24 will do service on both lines. Si milarly both zincs z andz' might be connected to lines 1 and 4 for service. With this arrangement of bat-l teryeach snbscriber has his own independent' current,` and no subscriber's circuit can in any way interfore with that of an y other. The carbon O' is of sufficient surface, length, and thickness to furnish a ncgative -electrode for all of the zincs.4

1 have shown in Fig. 5 afsecti'onal view of a battery designed for use with forty-eight snbscribers. Here the carbon'C is made of three Sections having a common connection .to a bindingf-post, and the zincs-forty-eight in number-are susp'en'ded in the solntioniby hangers II, '(shown in'Fig. 6,) which rest'in grooves G of a rubber or otherinsulating cap C', adapted to fit snugly over the' top of the carbons. These zincs have theusnal binding-pos'ts and connections to the. independent ;Ini Fi'g. v-l I/fhavc shown an arrangement for connecting my improved form of. battery directlyin lin-e between two subscribers, the operation of 'which I will now describe. Two

lines only are shown, nnmbered 1 and 2, and

circuit. This arrangelnentis designed for' use on longerlcircnits than'thatl disclosed in Fig. 1-.

'nie system which 11mm just deser-ineo is thcnce to' 'lines,'-as shown and described' in 'connection with Fig. 1.,

applicahle only on direct-circuit lines of telephoues-ethat is to say, on lines where the transmitter and receiver are in one common hattery-circuii'. Such systems are. oniynsed, l believe, in'sinall Yillages, or where low-tension currents are suficient.

l will now desoriloe a modified system applicalole to such 'telcphone-circuits as are in general use in large cities, where the transmitter of each local subscriber is ina localbattery circuit' situated in the telephone-box and embracing the primary of an iuductioncoil, while Jthe secondary goes to line and to the central station, Where. the, usual switch meohanism is' provided for -connecting up subscrihers.

. lt is the function of the modification I now proposeto desoribe to do 'away with all local batterics, induction-coils, and, in short, every portion of the present form of local instrument except the contact-transmitter, hand-telephone's, and call-hell magnets,thus' reducing the mechanisni in the subscriberis'hox'to a minimum and leaving only such parts as are not eaeily disadjusted. I also arran'ge my connections at the'central station, so as to simplify the switch-oonnections, using only Vertical swiioh-bars and plugs therefor without horizontal switch-here, thus doingaway with the usual form of switch-board lt will be better understood by referring to Fig. 9, where i, 2, 3, and fare local stations an alogons to those shown in Figo. l and 2, and having the internal construction in the box'es shown in station 1, Figs. 1 and 2.

The hattery B is located at the central station, and isesentialiy the same in its construction those I harc heretofore described, ex-

cept that l have shown here two carbone andV two eets of zincs connected in sets of two for tension, so as'to get cnrrents of higher tension in the ontlying lines.

1i E! '3' a' are Vertical switch-bara, one :er

each outlyiug line, having the usual plugholes. i

i l' 12 la I* are -inductioncoils located below the switch-board and having 'their primaries oonnected,respectively,bothe Springs Sp' S102 Spa Sp* by wires t' t2 .*,3 #,said wires going each to its individual zinc z' z 23,84, &c.,"the. carbons O O' of which are connected by, a common earth- I' I ll8 l4 have 'a common earth-Wire running to earth at E8 from the metal platee, while their -free ends are connected by wires e' 82 88 e' to the sWitch-plugs l1a 2** 3 4a, respectivel. These plugs, when all inserted in the lower rows of holes,`keep the battery normally open, as explained in connection with Fig. 2, when the callservice only io inv circuit.

in 9 1 have shown two of the plugs? in service 'i'i the switch-heard connecting etations 1 and 3 over wires 'w' and w-l, whilel lines u/'and 'w4 are idle.

The operation is as followsz. Supposing station 1 to here called for and obtained station 3, the neceooary ewitch-plugs l and 3a havrows, and passes `circuits It will also The secondary coils ofv nooo i log' "oeen placed by central-station operator' 'in switch-here l and 3*, the cire'nits are' as foliowe: The hamd-tolephojnea are off 'the hoolis at stations 1 and 3, and hattery-circoit from station l to central ation is, ae shown by the full arrows, from earth E at station 1 to and throughthe transmitter to line wi, bar 1' spring Sp', primaryof induction-coill', -wire t, zinc a', carbon (J, zinc 25 carbon Cz to earth atE5 back to starting-point. Anyvariat-ion of-the transmittcr of station 1 sets up'corresponding Variations in the primary of the iuduction-coil to line ws and receiver .at station 3, as shown by the tailless" arrows, as follows: From earth EB, by wire' ws, 'metal vplate N, secondary coil of l, wir'e e', `condenser O, switch-plug 32 her 3, Wire 103, hand-v 'telephone and transmiter at station 3, an'd thenceo earth at E3, where it returns to starting-pointby earth-oircuit to earth-plate Ed. Thus any primary impulses set npin coil T' are repeated in the receiver at station 3. The back-talking circuit .irom the earthplate E3, station 3, is shown by the full arthroueh wire ws, bar 3, spring Sp, primary' of indnction-coil la, to Wire' a, since za, carbon G, aino zl, carbon C2, to earth, and back to earth-plate at station e. Thus each operator has a talking-eirenit throughbatteries and indnction-ooils located wholly at the central station and under the exclusive control of the central-station operator.- By an entirely similar use of plugs 2 and 4 stations 2 and i may he connected and the enbs'cribers carry on conversation'.

without interfering with other subscrihers.

Ot course it will be understood that 'condensers may be used in all the'secondary ciro'uits analogousto that in wire e, or they may lee omitted, ii desired, it' being understood that the resistance of the secondary is so high ae to Vtake practicaily no currentfrom 'the direct or battery oircuit. be'understood thatthelinesw' to'w* may bo-balanced up withrheostats, the same asinFigs 2 and 3.

With the system shown in Fig. 9 I make the central otfice substantially a repeating-v 'station and utilize earth-circuits for both the primary and secondary circuits, although it is apparcnt that. all-Wire oircuits might be used, if desired,in a manner at once ohvious to those skilled in'the art.4 By this 'arrangef ment' I simplify the ccntral-ofiice switchboard connections and place all the apparatus, including oatteries,` indnction-coiis, call apparatus, in one compact spaeeandnnder thedirect control of an experienced operator or operatora. i

in Fig lOll have shown an arrangeinent for eonnecting two ontl'ying stations, so that the 'tra'nsniitting-hattery Res-directly in the line between the two stations.

The transmitting-circnit from stationl cmhraces wire w, bar l', wire 15', primary of coii l', spring hp, -zinc z, carbon C, wire Wire o, plug 1B, 'bar 2,, wire zna-to station 2 and ICO 3 verter has a series of secondary coxls disposed' earth E2. The secondary circui': acts from' earth-plate E5, through condenscr C, wire e',

` clusive,.to the metal strips L'. to L4, respect-- iinpulscs of electricity of such tension ancl secondary coil of induction-coil I, where ii: joins 'the primary current and goes to station 2 by wir'e wi, and thenc'e to earth. Similarly the talking-chemii, from station 2 passes by the primary. of iudnction-coil 12, battery.

switch-plng-s', and Wire wf' to station, and the scondary oircuit passes from earth-plate E5, by the secondary col, to, vline wp and receiver at station 1; hence the two suhscribers can talk back and forth.

.'O' course I do not limit myself to'the use' of single stationsl on a single line, as there maybe several subscribers on each line.

'l will now describe m y calling apparatus as' illustrated fully in Fig. 2.

The diagrammatic view shown in-this fi-gure is a duplicate of Fig. 1, with the call ap-` paratus added, and all the switch-pl'ugs in their normal position in the insulated board D, so that the circnit from the individual zincs of the battery are all open at the contacts of Springs Sp' to S129.

M is an alternating-onrrent magneto-generatoeof'the Siemens type,`or any other preferred form, located at the central station,

and having its poles connected in a closedl circ'uit by the wires p p to the primary coil off an inductorium or Converter I. This conabout the prima-ry circuit, equal in number to the number of outlying stations connected tothe central oiiice. These secondary coils are .all 'earthed by ,a common earth-Wire at E7 on one side, and connected by'wiresS' to Sflin- I will now describe the operation. The

magneto is set in motion and kept going constantly, and there results aset of alternating qua'ntity as the necessities of the case demand; As long'as all the push-buttons `are in their normal condition two paths are' open to these secondaryimpulses for each secondary cellviz., one 'to each outlying line through the annunciator-bell and the drop-hell and high- -resistance rheostatat the distant local station to ground, and the other through to earth at central station. The latter circuits, being alt of comparativcly low resistance, tal-:e the larger proportion of the current, and hencc the bells at the outlying stations do not ring.

It will of course be understood that thebell at Athe outlying sta-- ;ceneo and annunciator magnets are polarized `magnets adapted to be operate'd by alternating impulse's, and that none of ,the bells at out-' lying stations or the annu,nciaifzorv drops or bells will lbe operated unless some' person at an outlying station, or the operator at the central station, man button.

The mechanism at the'outlying stations is in each instance a duplicate of that shown at i pulates the properv pu'shstation No. 1, where R is the rheostat, Sh the shunt, P the push-button shown, to close the shu nt about rheostat R,thus offering to the cur- -rent-impulses a lower path than that through 'the central-station rheostat and energizing the bell-'magnet B' and annunciator bell-mag'net B5, with the drop-magnet in the annunciatorbon. I have shownin the di'awings the operwhile t the same time the central station is calling station No. 4. Annunciator-drops 1 and 4 are down, and the bells at stations 1 and 4, as well as central-station bell, are all ringing. Stations 2 and 3 are idle with the telephones on their hooks. When the telephones are taken. off their hooks and the n'ecessary connections madebetwe'en stations 1 and 4, as disclosed in theprior` part of this application, conversation may proceed.

a'tor at station No; 1 calling central station,

` I am 'aware that it is old, broadly, to repeat' messages telephonically from one station to. another through the medium of vinduotioncoils so arranged 'that both subscribers'may' Vtalk at will, and therefore I make no claim tov such a construction. I z

llaving thu's .described my invention,'what I claim asnew, and d-esireto secure. by Letters. Patent, is-`- lying stations having telephoue transmitters and receivers 'electrically connected to a.

switch or exchange board ata. central,station,-

incombination with 'a transmitting-battery located at or near'said switch-board and having'on'e active or zinc eleotrode for, use with each. outly'ing station when connected' in working-cir'cuit, and'a common `positiveor carbon electrode for all of said zincs or active electrodes, with switch-plug connections, vthe whole being so arranged that' when all ot' the i lsubscribers are talking in pairs the Awhole batteryis iu use, and when .none are talking no battery is in circuit, substantially as described;

2. In a telephoue system' having two or' more outlying subscribers' stations, containiug' transmitting and receiving instruments connected clectrically to a commonfcentral switch-station by main lines, each one through the primary of an inductorium, with secondary circuits and connections for connecting any twosubscribers together, and a sin? gle source of electricity'located at the central station 'and ndnpted for usc in all the outlying lines, substantially as dcscribed.

3. In a tclephon'e systeni,.the combination of a generator of electri'cityadapted to'gin' ;'65 .1. In a telephone system, two or more out-1 rapidly reeurring or alternating impulses of electricity, and located at a central station, with an inductoi'inm, the primary of which is included in the generator-circuit, and which has a series of secondary circuits, and a switch-board, whereby the secondary circnits may be connected at will to ontlying circuits running to snbscribers, stations, substantially as described.

4. In a telephone system, the combination of a generator of elcctricity located at the central station'and adapte!4 to give rapidly recnrring or ahernating impulses of electricity in a circuit including the primary of an inductorium, with a series of secondary circuits therefor, one for each outlying subscriber,said secondary circuits bein g provided with switch-board connections, as shown and described, so that any eubscriber may call central office, or central office may call any snbscriber, substantially` as described.

5. In a' t lephone system,the combinat1on of a gener 4tor of electficity located at the central station, adapted to give rap1dl y re curring or alternating impnlse of electricity said generator being included in the primary circuit qf an inductorium, and a series o; secondary ircuits therefor normally close: in multiple arc through circuit-controllers and a low-resistance circnit at the centra station with a series' of ou'tlying subscribers circuits, each including thecentral office o all signal, a callsignal at the local 'statioI and a high-resistance rheostat, as well as normally-pen 'hnnt about such rheosta' whereby calls may be made between the ou'` `lying stations and the central office, snbstai tially asdescribed. I

1 1 ISIDOR KITSE.v y W itnesse:

JOHN A. WIEDERsHnm,

JAMESF. KELLY.

It is hereby certified that Lettereatent No. 43Q,960, granted June 24, 1890, opory? the application of Isidor Kitsee, of* Cincinnati, Ohio, for an improvemenein Telephone Systems, were erroneoosly iseued to said Kitsee and. J erome Carty end John A., Wiedersheim, of Philadelphia, Pennsylveuia, and Charles J. Kintner, of New York; N. Y.,-as owners of the eutire interest/in said inve'xxtion; than said Letters Fetem should have been issued to said'lltsee and Jerome Certy, .Alexander Mcllwee, "ir., a'ne-'i 'J07n` A. Wz'edershe'im, of Philadelphia, Pemzsyl'vam'a, amd Charles J. Kntner, of New York, N. Y., said MeIlwee bei'ng one of the assig'nees of three-fourths interest 1' n. 88m1 nvention as shown by assgnments of record in this offiee; and that the said Letter:- Patem', should be read With this correetion t-herein thai; Ithe same may conform to the record of the case ie the Patent Ofioe Signed, countersigned, and seeed Ahis 5th day of Augost, A. D. 1890.

[SEALJ (JYRUS BUSSEY;

Assistant Sem'etary of the 'ofe'wm', ROBERT 'J. FISHER, 

